會 9 種語言的托勒密末代女王。21 歲裹進地毯獻凱撒、生子 Caesarion；凱撒死後與 Mark Antony 結盟、生三子、坐黃金船赴 Tarsus。Actium 海戰敗、Antony 自刎、她讓眼鏡蛇咬胸自盡 39 歲。300 年的希臘化埃及與 Ptolemy 王朝就此終結，羅馬接管尼羅河。
The last Ptolemy spoke nine languages — and was the first in 300 years to learn Egyptian. At 21 she was smuggled to Caesar in a carpet and bore him a son; after his murder she allied with Mark Antony, bore him three more, and arrived at Tarsus on a gilded barge dressed as Aphrodite. After defeat at Actium and Antony's suicide, she let an asp bite her breast at 39. Three centuries of Hellenistic Egypt ended with her; Rome took the Nile.
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希臘 Ptolemy 王朝統治埃及 275 年，定都 Alexandria，文化希臘化但保留法老傳統，最後 Cleopatra VII 被 Octavian 擊敗。
Greek Ptolemaic dynasty ruled Egypt 275 years from Alexandria. Hellenized but kept pharaonic tradition.
Ptolemy XII Auletes 之女，生於亞歷山卓宮廷。從小受希臘式教育，但她是 300 年的 Ptolemy 王朝中第一個願意學埃及本土語言的人，總共會 9 種語言。
Daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes, born in the Alexandria palace. Greek-educated, but the first Ptolemy in 300 years to bother learning native Egyptian. Spoke nine languages including Aramaic, Hebrew, Median, and Ethiopian.
Ptolemy 王朝最後一位法老。會 9 種語言、第一個學埃及語的 Ptolemy。先後與凱撒、Mark Antony 結盟生子、想用埃及財力與羅馬抗衡。Actium 海戰敗，毒蛇自殺終結 300 年的希臘化埃及。
The last pharaoh of the Ptolemaic dynasty. Spoke nine languages — the first Ptolemy to learn Egyptian. Allied with Caesar then Mark Antony, bearing children to both, leveraging Egyptian wealth against Rome. After defeat at Actium, suicide by asp ended 300 years of Hellenistic Egypt.
亞歷山卓暴動時 11 歲的 Cleopatra 親見父親 Auletes (吹笛者) 逃到羅馬借兵。Auletes 在羅馬借了天文數字的錢、賄賂凱撒與 Pompey，三年後率羅馬軍回埃及復位、屠殺長女 Berenice IV。Cleopatra 從小就明白：埃及命運繫於羅馬手中。
During an Alexandrian uprising, 11-year-old Cleopatra watched her father "Auletes" (the Flute Player) flee to Rome to beg help. He borrowed astronomical sums and bribed Caesar and Pompey; three years later he returned with Roman troops, retook the throne, and executed his eldest daughter Berenice IV. Cleopatra learned young: Egypt's fate lay in Roman hands.
最後一位法老，以與凱撒和安東尼的政治聯盟聞名，她的去世標誌著古埃及的終結，埃及成為羅馬行省。
The last pharaoh, famous for alliances with Caesar and Antony; her death marks the end of ancient Egypt as it becomes a Roman province.
父親死後，18 歲的 Cleopatra 依托勒密慣例與 10 歲弟弟 Ptolemy XIII 同時即位、形式上結婚。實際大權由弟弟身邊宦官 Pothinus 把持，Cleopatra 兩年內被排擠、流亡敘利亞集軍。
After her father's death, 18-year-old Cleopatra was crowned co-monarch with her 10-year-old brother Ptolemy XIII — and, by Ptolemaic tradition, formally married him. Real power went to the boy's eunuch chancellor Pothinus; within two years Cleopatra was sidelined and fled to Syria to raise an army.
被弟弟 Ptolemy XIII 流放後，21 歲的克麗奧佩特拉求見駐軍亞歷山卓的凱撒。傳說她讓僕人 Apollodorus 把她裹進地毯 (或睡袋) 偷運入凱撒寢宮。凱撒見之傾倒、軍力支持她重登王位。
Exiled by her brother Ptolemy XIII, 21-year-old Cleopatra sought audience with Caesar, then quartered in Alexandria. Legend says her servant Apollodorus rolled her into a carpet (or bed sack) and smuggled her into Caesar's chambers. Smitten, Caesar backed her with Roman legions to retake the throne.
與凱撒生下兒子 Ptolemy XV (小名 Caesarion，「小凱撒」)。凱撒公開承認，這在羅馬掀起政治風暴——他的合法妻子 Calpurnia 無子，Caesarion 可能是繼承人。凱撒死後，屋大維視 Caesarion 為威脅。
Bore Caesar a son — Ptolemy XV, nicknamed Caesarion ("Little Caesar"). Caesar publicly acknowledged him, causing political uproar in Rome — his lawful wife Calpurnia was childless, and Caesarion might inherit. After Caesar's murder, Octavian saw Caesarion as a mortal threat.
亞歷山卓戰爭結束、Ptolemy XIII 溺死後，Cleopatra 與凱撒乘 400 艘船的艦隊沿尼羅河南下到 Aswan。途中向凱撒展示埃及神廟、金字塔、希臘化王宮——一場政治秀，宣告：「埃及女王與羅馬將軍同舟」。
After the Alexandrian War and the drowning of Ptolemy XIII, Cleopatra and Caesar sailed up the Nile in a fleet of 400 ships, all the way to Aswan. She displayed Egypt's temples, pyramids, and Hellenistic palaces to Caesar — a deliberate political pageant, telling Egypt and Rome alike: "The Queen and the General sail together."
凱撒死後，三巨頭之一 Mark Antony 召克麗奧佩特拉到 Tarsus 質問。她乘紫帆銀槳的黃金船赴會、扮成愛神 Aphrodite 出場。Antony 為之傾倒，從此政治結盟、生三子，與羅馬西半的屋大維對立。
After Caesar's death, the triumvir Mark Antony summoned Cleopatra to Tarsus to interrogate her. She arrived on a gilded barge with purple sails and silver oars, dressed as Aphrodite. Antony was instantly captivated. Their political-romantic alliance produced three children and set them against Octavian in the western Mediterranean.
與 Antony 在 Tarsus 短聚後，Cleopatra 在亞歷山卓生下雙胞胎，命名 Cleopatra Selene II (月亮) 與 Alexander Helios (太陽)——強烈神話象徵，宣告「亞歷山大轉世」。Antony 之後又回義大利娶 Octavia (屋大維妹妹)，但與 Cleopatra 通信不斷。
After their brief Tarsus meeting, Cleopatra bore Antony twins in Alexandria — Cleopatra Selene II (Moon) and Alexander Helios (Sun), names freighted with myth: heirs of Alexander reborn. Antony then went back to Italy and married Octavia (Octavian's sister) — but corresponded constantly with Cleopatra.
Antony 學凱撒，籌畫遠征帕提亞 (報 Crassus 之仇)。10 萬大軍出發、後勤被波斯騎兵截斷、撤退時遭暴雪與追擊。回亞歷山卓時只剩 2 萬人。Cleopatra 親自帶補給、衣物到 Tyre 救援。Antony 從此不再有重大軍事勝利。
Following Caesar's plan, Antony invaded Parthia to avenge Crassus. 100,000 troops set out; Persian cavalry cut his supply lines; the retreat met blizzards and pursuit. He arrived back at Alexandria with 20,000. Cleopatra personally rushed supplies and clothing to Tyre to save him. Antony never won another major battle.
Antony 與 Octavia 離婚、與 Cleopatra 在亞歷山卓正式按埃及禮結婚 (羅馬法禁止公民與外國君主結婚，故羅馬不承認)。屋大維抓緊機會宣傳：「Antony 拋棄羅馬妻子、被埃及妖女蠱惑」。羅馬輿論徹底倒戈。
Antony divorced Octavia and formally married Cleopatra in Alexandria by Egyptian rite (Roman law forbade citizens from marrying foreign royalty, so Rome refused to recognize it). Octavian seized on it: "Antony abandons his Roman wife, bewitched by an Egyptian witch." Roman opinion turned irrevocably.
Antony 在亞歷山卓正式宣布「東方屬地分封」：克麗奧佩特拉為「萬王之后」，3 子各分到敘利亞、亞美尼亞、利比亞、塞浦路斯等地。屋大維拿這事當宣傳——「Antony 把羅馬國土送給埃及女人」，輿論倒戈。
At Alexandria, Antony formally divided Rome's eastern provinces: Cleopatra became "Queen of Kings," their three children each received Syria, Armenia, Libya, Cyprus, and more. Octavian seized on this as propaganda — "Antony has given Roman lands to an Egyptian woman." Roman opinion turned decisively against him.
9 月 2 日屋大維(Octavian)艦隊於希臘 Actium 海角擊敗 Antony 與 Cleopatra 聯合艦隊。次年 Antony、Cleopatra 自殺，埃及托勒密王朝終，屋大維獨掌羅馬，4 年後成元首 Augustus。
On September 2, Octavian's fleet defeated Antony and Cleopatra's combined ships off Cape Actium in Greece. The following year both lovers committed suicide; Ptolemaic Egypt fell. Octavian ruled Rome alone, becoming Augustus four years later.
Octavian 海軍擊敗 Mark Antony 與 Cleopatra 聯合艦隊於 Actium，翌年 Cleopatra 自殺，Egypt 入羅馬，Hellenistic 時代政治告終。
Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra at Actium. Cleopatra suicided next year; Egypt to Rome.
屋大維艦隊在希臘西岸 Actium 角擊敗 Antony-Cleopatra 聯軍。戰況不利時克麗奧佩特拉的 60 艘船率先撤退，Antony 棄軍追隨。屋大維獲勝，次年揮軍入埃及。
Octavian's fleet defeated the combined Antony-Cleopatra fleet off the Greek cape of Actium. With the battle going badly, Cleopatra's 60 ships broke away first; Antony abandoned his men to follow her. Octavian won; the next year he marched into Egypt.
屋大維入亞歷山卓、Antony 殘軍叛變後，Cleopatra 躲入自建的陵寢。為試 Antony，傳出「Cleopatra 已死」假消息。Antony 聽信，自己伏劍自刎、傷重未死。被抬到陵寢前，由 Cleopatra 從窗口拉上去，死在她懷裡。
After Octavian entered Alexandria and Antony's remaining troops mutinied, Cleopatra shut herself in the mausoleum she had built. Testing Antony, she sent word that she had died. He stabbed himself with his own sword — but did not die at once. Carried to the mausoleum, he was hauled up through the window by Cleopatra and her women, and died in her arms.
Cleopatra 死前安排 17 歲的 Caesarion 帶重金逃往印度。屋大維派人追擊、誘騙折返埃及，在路上處決。屋大維據傳引希臘諺：「凱撒只能有一個」。凱撒血脈正式絕。Antony 與 Cleopatra 三子被屋大維妹 Octavia 收養撫長大——意外地，他們的後代延續到 Mauretania 王室。
Before her own death, Cleopatra sent 17-year-old Caesarion with treasure toward India. Octavian's agents caught him on the road, lured him back, and executed him. Octavian reportedly quoted the Greek proverb: "Too many Caesars is no good." Caesar's bloodline ended. Antony and Cleopatra's three children, by an irony of history, were raised by Octavian's sister Octavia and their descendants ruled Mauretania for two generations.
屋大維入亞歷山卓後，Antony 先自刎。傳克麗奧佩特拉讓僕人帶來無花果籃藏一條 asp (埃及眼鏡蛇)，自願讓蛇咬胸。死時 39 歲。Caesarion 17 歲被屋大維處決——Ptolemy 王朝、Hellenistic 時代正式結束。羅馬接管埃及為「個人糧倉」。
After Octavian entered Alexandria, Antony fell on his sword. Tradition says Cleopatra had servants smuggle in a basket of figs hiding an asp (Egyptian cobra) and let it bite her breast. She was 39. Caesarion, 17, was hunted down and killed. The Ptolemaic dynasty — and the Hellenistic age — ended; Rome annexed Egypt as Octavian's personal granary.